Example Reflective Essay using Rolfe Reflective Model

Example Reflective Essay using Rolfe Reflective Model This reflective essay will adopt Rolfes model of reflection, (Rolfe, G et al. 2001) which was derived from Bortons developmental model. (Boyd E et al. 1983) The scenario is presented as Appendix 1 and the patient has been anonymised as Lee in accordance with the NMC guidelines (NMC 2008) What? When analysed in overview, one can note that the main issues contained in this scenario are that a schizophrenic patient, who may therefore be psychotic, who is certainly confused due to his metabolic disturbances (hyponatraemia) and possibly idiopathic confusion, has made an allegation of physical assault against another staff member. The patient is also forgetful and the event happened three days ago. Clearly the incident cannot be confidently verified at this stage and there is a question as to whether the patient is reliable in making this allegation. Analysis revolves around my reflection on the actions that I took and whether they could be considered appropriate or capable of improvement. My role in the situation was that I was the recipient of the allegation. Having heard the allegation, I tried to make sense of it. On the one hand I was aware of the seriousness of the allegation if it were true, and therefore I was also aware of the potential harm that an untrue allegation could cause to the professional integrity of the ‘Special‘ who was involved. I was obviously aware of Lees potential for confusion and psychosis, but I was also impressed by the apparent veracity of his recollection and also by the fact that he started to cry when he was recounting it. (Nicol M N et al. 2004) On balance, I did believe his account of the situation. I therefore felt that I had a moral and professional duty to escalate the complaint to the Senior Ward Sister. After a period of discussion with the Ward Sister, I filled in an Incident Report Form (IR1), which was then forwarded to the hospital management. After the event, I experienced a period of prolonged self-examination. I was concerned in case I had inadvertently been party to a false allegation and considered further the consequences for the ‘Special involved. After a period of intense reflection, I concluded that I was right to take the action that I did, both because of my professional duty to ‘do my best for the patient but also because I was acting as the patients advocate in these circumstances, which seemed entirely appropriate. (Brooke C et al. 2007) The response of the Ward Sister seemed entirely appropriate. I believe that she went and spoke to Lee herself and determined that there was sufficient evidence to make the reporting of the incident (IR1) appropriate. This reassured me greatly. The Ward Sister also discussed the ethics and implications of the situation with me, which was both professionally helpful and considerate, as she could see that I was unclear about what I should do in these circumstances. In any reflective process, one also has to consider the feelings of the patient. In this case Lee did appear to be pleased that he was being taken seriously, but his fluctuating lucidity meant that further questioning did not clarify the situation any further. He certainly appeared to be pleased when he was told that the ‘special would not be assigned to him again. So what? The theoretical elements of the analysis of this situation are straightforward. Jasper, in his erudite series of analyses (Jasper M 2007), acknowledges that part of the responsibility of being a professional practitioner is to ensure that you give the best care possible to your patients or clients. In an analysis of a similar situation, the author is unequivocal in his assessment that the professional duty of the nurse is to share such reports of possible patient abuse with their immediate superior. Even if the patient is ‘of reduced capacity or ‘of questionable reliability (Jasper M 2007 Pg 36), they should therefore considered ‘vulnerable in the professional sense, and offered greater, not less, protection. An ethical analysis would suggest that the nurse should invoke the Principle of Non-Malificence, which was derived from the often quoted dictum of Hippocrates, which stated that one should â€Å"first do no harm†. (Carrick P 2000). This Principle stated that healthcare professionals must ensure that their patients are not harmed, nor will come to harm. (van Uffelen J G Z et al. 2008). I did consider the possibility of speaking to the ‘Special in an unofficial capacity, but came to the conclusion, that there was nothing that they could say which would change the proper course of action. This concurs with the opinion of Tschudin who analyses a number of similar situations. (Tschudin, V 2003). This level of analysis gave me a deeper insight into the situation and reinforced my initial conclusions relating to the proper and appropriate course of action. Now what? Given the fact that Lee had reported a possible episode of abuse, it seems entirely appropriate that it would be properly investigated. The action of the Sister in removing the ‘Special from caring for Lee also seemed appropriate and proportionate. It may have been considered more appropriate to suspend the ‘Special from work, but in circumstances when one is dealing with a confused and psychotic patient and there is a significant element of uncertainty about the veracity of the allegations, this might be considered inappropriate and unduly prejudicial to the ‘Special. (McMillan J 2005) At the time of the reporting of the incident, I apologised to Lee myself and reassured him that such a situation would not be allowed to occur again. I feel that this was also a professionally appropriate course of action, as it not only communicated a professional sense of responsibility to Lee, but also it demonstrated the fact that I was taking his complaint seriously and was sorry that it had happened. (Kozier, B et al. 2008) When analysed in overview, I effectively had two possible potential outcomes of the situation. Either I believed that Lee‘s story was probably true, or I didnt. This gives rise to a deeper analysis and, in the words of Cruess Cruess, the evolution of a student into an expert practitioner is judged by the ability to operate from a deep and holistic understanding of the total situation, a concept that is often referred to as ‘professional intuition. (Baillie L 2005). Cruess et al. suggest that this ‘professional intuition is better considered as ‘professional expertise, which is generally built up and gained over years of experience and which, when tested in the clinical environment, can become an altogether more robust concept. (Cruess S R et al. 2007). Reflection on this situation, together with the guidance received from the Ward Sister, has helped me to fully understand the main elements of this situation. If I were to encounter such a situation again I wou ld feel more confident in dealing with the situation rather than having to reflect at length after the event. Such analysis has helped me to realise that, to cite Schon, it is one of the ways professionals evolve and move beyond rule-bound behaviour and which enables them to function in a world of uncertainty and see problems in a holistic way and act appropriately. (Schà ¶n, D A (1987) Appendix Scenario: A 78 year old gentleman called Lee was admitted to my Ward with schizophrenia and other medical conditions, one of which includes confusion and hyponatremia. It has been explained to the patient and his next of kin that due to the dangerously low sodium level Lee is on a fluid restriction of 750 mls per day, however due to the patients mental statue, he constantly demands fluids and if not given he will start screaming and disturb other patient and can be very aggressive a time. For this reason the Senior Sister requested a special in order to provide a one to one care for Lee. I supported the patient with personal hygiene care one morning, Lee began to cry, when I asked what is the matter Lee? he said, three days ago a special slapped my arm and pinched me. And he said I was waiting for her to finish her shift to inform a staff nurse, by then I had forgotten. I hope when my son will visit me, I will remember to tell him what has happened. I reassured him that this will not happen again and I also apologised on her behalf and told Lee that particular specialist will not be caring for him any more. I reported the incident to the Ward Senior Sister and together we filled in an Incident Report Form (IR1). References Boyd E Fales A (1983) reflective learning: the key to learning from experience. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 23 (2): 99-117 Brooke C; Waugh A Eds (2007) Foundations of Nursing Practice, Fundamentals of Holistic Care. Lond Mosby Elsevier. Carrick P (2000) Medical Ethics in the Ancient World. Georgetown University press : Philadelphia Jasper M. (2007) Professional Development, Reflection and Decision – Making. Blackwell Publishing, Singapore. Kozier, B, et al. (2008) Fundamentals of Nursing: Concepts, Process and Practice. Harlow: Pearson Education. Nicol M N, Bavin B C, Bedford-Turner S B, Cronin P C Rawlings-Anderson K R (2004) â€Å"Essential Nursing Skills† 2nd ed. Churchill Livingstone, Mosby NMC (2008) Nurse Midwifery Council: Code of professional conduct: Standards for conduct, performance and Ethics (2008) London : Chatto Windus 2008 Rolfe, G., Freshwater, D., Jasper, M. (2001). Critical Reflection in Nursing and the Helping Professions: a Users Guide. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Schà ¶n, D A: (1987), Educating the Reflective Practitioner: Toward a New Design for Teaching and Learning in the Professions, Jossey-Bass Publishers, San Francisco. Tschudin, V (2003). Ethics in Nursing: the caring relationship (3rd ed.). Edinburgh: Butterworth-Heinemann. van Uffelen J G Z, Chinapaw M J M, van Mechelen W, Hopman-Rock M (2008) Walking or vitamin B for cognition in older adults with mild cognitive impairment? A randomised controlled trial. British Journal of Sports Medicine 2008; 42 : 344 351

Language Usage in Huckleberry Finn

Jims dialogues, we can clearly see that he has troubles with English, he often makes grammatical and spelling errors. From this I concluded that Jim is most probably uneducated, I do think that he's not stupid though because up to this point In the book Mark Twain have showed how Jim uses his logic, for instance when Jim was arguing about Solomon, we can clearly see how he used his logic in criticizing the story. Therefore from the language Mark Twain uses we can understand that Jim Is uneducated but he's not stupid although he book doesn't literally say so.Racism: Mark Twain repeatedly used the word ‘Niger' In the book to describe how In the town where It took place, everyone uses the word ‘Niger' casually, from old ladles to Houck himself uses the word very casually. This shows how at that time, dark skinned people are very discriminated by the white. They are treated as slaves, up to the point where they will sell them in exchange for money. From the words that Mark Tw ain used in describing the society, we can clearly see that slavery and racism both re still an on going thing.If we compare this to today, it is completely different, people are now forbidden to say the word ‘Niger' and dark skinned people are way more respected. Faking Huckleberry Fin's own death: In the chapter in which Huckleberry Finn faked his own death, although Mark Twain didn't exactly tell us what he was going to do, but we were able to conclude that he was up to something. Through the language that the author used to describe this action we can see that he's not stupid, he uses a lot of his logic.

Demonstrative Speech Fitness Program

TOPIC: â€Å"Mission H. A. R. D. Body† My Exercise Program GENERAL PURPOSE: Persuade SPECIFIC PURPOSE: To persuade my audience to perform my quick workout program for the amazingly fast and effective results CENTRAL IDEA: My workout program consist of a 15 minute morning and night exercise schedule, focuses on all the major muscle group areas, and includes a simple diet plan that leads to a lean, muscular, and sexy body, fast! INTRODUCTION I. Fellas envision your self with a toned six-pack and muscular physic grabbing all the ladies attention while at the beach. II.Ladies envision yourself looking like this, and think of all the jealous and envious girls who will hate on you because every guy breaks their neck when they see you. III. Hi, my name is Pierre Earlington, and Today I will be talking about a simple diet and exercise program, that will get you in shape, healthy, and sexy as ever in no time. IV. I am an athlete and model that is currently studying to become a personal trainer and have learned the incredibly quick and easy secrets to a sexy and healthy body. V. I will first talk about†¦ a. The scheduling time to perform the workout, . Next I will describe the workout activities to be done, c. And finally I will explain a simple way of dieting to keep your body fatless and looking good. BODY I. Many of us live extremely busy lives racing constantly against time and an increasing To-Do list that seems to never end, leading us to believe that we have no time to fit exercise in our schedule. a. What makes my exercise program so amazing is that it is broken down into two segments, Morning and night. Taking only 15 minutes in each segment, it can fit into anyone's schedule. i.You start by simply setting your alarm clock 15 minutes earlier than you normally awake in the morning ii. And going to bed 15 minutes later than you normally do at night 1. As soon as you awake in the morning. Before you even head to the bathroom to brush your teeth, roll ov er on to that floor, and perform my workout. 2. When you end your day, right before you go to sleep. Hit the floor again and take 15 minutes to do the workout. Think of it as a nightcap. iii. Routinely done your body and mind will get use to this morning and night exercise program, and it will become a habit that you wont even think twice about it. Transition: Now here comes the fun part) II. In my exercise, we are targeting three sections of the body. b. The upper body, which consists of the arms chest, and upper back. c. The mid section, which consists of the abdominals and lower back. d. And finally the lower half of the body, your legs. iv. Now for the upper body we will perform Push-ups. Three sets of three different types that shred the fat from your upper body and leave you ripped. 3. First Set, Regular push ups 4. Second Set, Diamond push ups 5. And the Third set, Wide push ups v.Now the for the mid section and getting that tummy tight 6. First set Crunches. This targets the upper AB section 7. Second set, Leg lifts. This targets the lower AB section 8. Third set, Side crunches on both sides. Love handles, â€Å"Poof be gone. † vi. Finally the lower half, Legs. 9. First set: Lunges 10. Second set, Squats – Fellas this gets the Hamstrings right and ladies this gets that butt tight 11. The final set, Toe raises – This works out those beautiful Calves vii. Guys perform 20-25 reps of each exercise, and increase as desired. viii.Ladies perform 15-20 reps of each exercise, also increase as desired (Transition: Now that you’ve worked so hard for that beautiful body, you want to keep it don’t you? So lets talk dieting) III. There are many questionable diets and theories out there. This Here is the most simplest and effective way to diet. e. Cut out Carbs and excess sugar. ix. Carbs are things like bread, pancakes, doughnuts and etc†¦ 12. Carbohydrates turn into sugar when consumed in your body. 13. Sugar is then converte d into fat. (Transition: I know this may seem like an impossible task since we all love to please our taste buds, but its not that bad. f. Especially because my workout comes with a cheat day. x. One day out of the whole week you are free to eat all the sugar and carbohydrates that you want. You pick the day! (Transition: Your body will still be on the path to becoming marvelous. ) CONCLUSION I. In conclusion, I showed how my workout can fit into anyone’s schedule, II. Described the specific exercises to perform, III. And explained a simple diet to keep you in shape. IV. So ladies and gentleman follow these easy steps, break everyone’s neck, and lets get sexy for the summer.

Bullying And The School System Essay - 1562 Words

Introduction Merriman Webster’s Dictionary defines a bully as â€Å"one habitually cruel to others who are weaker.† One could venture to say that bullies have been around as long as there have been stronger and weaker people in the world. Miller (2012) points out that oftentimes bullies are people who are aware of the variation in others because they themselves have experienced the world in some way that is different from the general norm. He goes on to mention that bullying could be considered a form of microaggression and assumes many different shapes. Lastly, he identifies a series of different types of bullying that bullies can perpetuate which include: verbal, physical, material, relational, hate-motivated, and cyber (Miller 2012). The main argument of this paper is that federal and state legislation are not rigorous enough to address the burgeoning demand to address the issue of anti-bullying in the school systems. This paper will delve into the legislation and national experi ences as they relate to bullying in the school systems. The issue will be explored using the five lenses of the Blau and Abramovits (2014) policy model to take a look at the issues, debates, policies, and legislations that surround bullying in the schools. These five lenses are: the economic, political, ideological, historical, and social movement. The current issue of aggression and bullying in the school system has a significant impact on the field of social workers. School social workers addressShow MoreRelatedBullying And School System Are No Secret Essay1502 Words   |  7 PagesHannah Swan EdSE 620 Research paper 9/25/16 Bullying and Aggression in Schools Bullying and aggressive behavior in the school system are no secret. Many people have encountered a bully, or have been a bully at some point in their lives. According to the American Psychological Association (APA) bullying â€Å"is a form of aggressive behavior in which someone intentionally and repeatedly causes another person injury or discomfort. Bullying can take the form of physical contact, words or more subtleRead MoreThe Effects Of School Bullying On Students And The Climate Of A School System891 Words   |  4 Pagesinfluence of school bullying is not as one dimensional as some have thought, and recent studies have examined this issue from the angles of student perception as well as socio-cultural perspectives (Espelage et al., 2014). Bullying is a dynamic issue with the capability to impact schools in numerous areas. Researchers typically categorize the negative effects of school bullying in terms of short and long term consequences and in terms of its impact on indi vidual students and the climate of a school systemRead MoreThe Effects Of Bullying On Students Within The School System920 Words   |  4 Pagesor children carry. Bullying. Bullying over the course of the years still plays a role in the education system. Although the form of bullying has changed from the past to now, it still has an effect on students within the school systems. In the past there was the physical form of bullying where â€Å"jocks† would push the â€Å"nerds† into lockers or their books out of their hands. Another typical term used by bullies that anybody can recognize is, â€Å"give me your lunch money,† but bullying has evolved over theRead MoreBullying : A School Based Program For The Baltimore County Public School System934 Words   |  4 PagesA Rationale for â€Å"Be a Buddy not a Bully†: A School Based Program for the Baltimore County Public School System in Maryland In recent years the problematic circumstances of bullying has been brought to attention as a widespread problem. Most bullying takes place on school grounds and outside school grounds, affecting numerous students. Bullying is any unwanted aggressive behaviors of youths or groups of youth who are not current dating partners or siblings that involves a perceived or observed powerRead MoreEssay on Bullying: a Social Issue That the School System Ignores2921 Words   |  12 PagesRunning Head: BULLYING Bullying: A Social Issue That the School System Ignores â€Å"Never be bullied into silence. Never allow yourself to be made a victim. Accept no ones definition of your life, but define yourself†. – Harvey S. Firestone The Issue Strong, influential and cruel are just some of the words that come to mind when you hear the word bully. In American culture, bullying among children and teenagers has often been dismissed as a normal part of growing up. Little attentionRead MoreBullying Has Been A Big Problem In Our School System For1745 Words   |  7 PagesBullying has been a big problem in our school system for many years, but it has escalated over the past decade due to the new era of modern technology. Unanimously, we can agree that our daily lives greatly depend on technologies; the internet, cellphones, computers, tablets, IPad etc. Although the uses of technology positively impacted our lives, there is also the downside when it uses have negative connotations. For instance, modern technology made it very easy to engage in cyberbullying, perpetratorsRead MoreBullying Is Becoming More Spread At An Alarming And Dangerous Rate Essay1193 Words   |  5 Pages General Purpose:Bullying in schools is becoming more spread at an alarming and dangerous rate. Specific Purpose:School systems that are commonly viewed as excellent sources of receiving an education are becoming a host of parasitic bullying, negatively affecting students learning environments. Central Idea: The presence of bullying is growing. It has reached a point that as it is becoming worse in school systems and is affecting students of all ages. This calls for a need of intervention or theRead MoreThe Influence Of School Bullying881 Words   |  4 Pagesinfluence of school bullying is not as one dimensional as some have thought, and recent studies have examined this issue from the angles of student perception as well as socio-cultural perspectives (Espelage et al., 2014). Bullying is a dynamic issue with the capability to impact schools in numerous areas. Researchers typically categorize the negative effects of school bullying in terms of both individual short and long term consequences and in terms of the overall climate of a school system. SmithymanRead MoreBullying Is Becoming More Spread At An Alarming And Dangerous Rate Essay1152 Words   |  5 Pages Bullying in schools is becoming more spread at an alarming and dangerous rate. Specifically,School systems that are commonly viewed as excellent sources of receiving education are becoming a host of parasitic bullying, negatively affecting students learning environments. The presence of bullying is presented like a disease and is growing. It has reached a point that to prevent it from becoming worse, school systems need to intervene or establish stricter policies towards anti-bullying so thatRead MoreThe School Setting And Bully Prevention Programs1468 Words   |  6 Pages Issues in the School Setting and Bully Prevention Programs A positive school climate is definitely essential to effectively prevent bullying behaviors, thus it is vital for school personnel to understand what constitutes a positive school climate. A simple definition for school climate is the quality and frequency of positive interactions between students at school, the quality and frequency of positive interactions between adults at school and equally important is the quality and frequency of